Teratoma - how to tame the monster?

Background: Teratoma is a germ cell tumor derived from pluripotential cells and made of different types of tissues. It appears at any age in both sexes and can be followed by many other disorders.
Aim: The aim of our research was a multiaspect analysis of teratoma occurrence in population. The age and sex of the patients, as well as the localization, concomitant lesions of ovarian teratoma and connection between tumor’s incidence and deaths were taken into consideration.
Materials and Methods: It is a retrospective study based on an analysis of about 280 000 biopsy reports and about 24 000 autopsy protocols done through 26 years available from the archives of the Department of Pathology of the Medical University of Warsaw. We have found 813 protocols with teratoma diagnosis among which occurred 871 lesions.
Results: The biggest group in the analysis constitute female (731 – 89.9%), the rest of studied group are male. Female at pregenerative age comprise 6,3% of the female group, male – 28,1% of the male group. Female’s average age amount 34,8 years, male’s – 21,29 years. In both sexes the majority of tumors appear in a group at procreative age (women 516 – 70.6%, men 55 - 67.1%). Among all analized subjects the tumor of ovary appears to be the most frequent (665 – 81,8%). In female group, irrespective of age, ovary was the most common localization (665 – 90.97%) and tumors are more often found in the right ovary (267 - 40,2%). Teratoma occurs very often in testis (20 – 24,39%) and head region (20 – 24,39%) in the male group, especially at the procreative age (19 – 34,55%). In the male at the pregenerative age dominate localisation is in the head (8 – 34,78%) and sacro-coccygeal (5 – 21,74%) regions. The majority of pathologic diagnosis is benign teratoma (822 - 94,4%). This is the most common as well as in the female (712 - 97,4%) and in the male (60 – 73,17%) and occurs most common in the ovarian localisation (646 – 83.68%). Malignant teratoma occurs more often in male (22 – 73,33%) than female (8 – 26,67%) and localized most common in testis (18 – 60%). Among concomitant lesions of ovarian teratoma the most common are ovarian-localized changes (144 – 20,3%). We noticed that teratoma was direct cause of death only in 4 cases (10%).
Conclusion: 1) The most common was teratoma of right ovary. 2) In the group at pregenerative age teratoma occurs in different localisation than in the group at the procreative age.3) Teratoma is incidentally cause of death.

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