Teratoma – facing facts about the monster (the analysis of archival material)

Katarzyna Suchta, Anna Wasążnik, Monika Florka, Agnieszka Pietraszek, Wanda Gajzlerska, Luiza Oleszczuk, Aleksandra Mazurek

Studenckie Koło Naukowe przy Katedrze i Zakładzie Anatomii Patologicznej Centrum Biostruktury Warszawskiego Uniwersytetu Medycznego
Opiekun Koła: dr n. med. Ewa Walczak
Opiekun Pracy: dr n. med. Ewa Skrzypek - Fakhoury
Kierownik Zakładu: prof. dr hab. n. med. Aleksander Wasiutyński

Background: Teratoma is a germ cell tumor derived from pluripotential cells and made up of tissue or organ components resembling normal derivatives of one or more of the three germ cell leyers.

Aim: The aim of our research was a multiaspect analysis of teratoma occurrence in population.

Materials and methods: Retrospective analysis was applied to about 335000 biopsy reports and about 26000 autopsy protocols done through 30 years available from the archives of the Department of Pathology of the Warsaw Medical University.

Results: The biggest group in the analysis constitute female (807 – 90,5%), the rest of studied group are male. Female at regenerative age comprise 5,7% of the female group, male – 27% of the male group. In both sexes the majority of tumors appear in a group at procreative age (women – 582 – 72,1%, men – 57 – 67%). Among all analized subjects the tumor of ovary appears to be the most frequent (738 - 82,7%). Teratoma also occurs in head (35 – 3,9%), sacro-coccygeal (34 - 3,8%) region and in testis (22 – 2,5%). In female group, irrespective of age, ovary was the most common localization (738 – 91,45%) and tumors are more often found in the right ovary (292 – 39,6%). Teratoma occurs very often in testis (22 – 25,9%) and head region (21 – 24,7%) in the male group, especially at the procreative age (21 – 24,7%). The frequency of occurrence in both, right and left testicle, is the same. In male at the pregenerative age dominate localization is in the head (8 – 34,78%) and sacro-cocygeal (5 – 21,74%) regions. The majority of pathologic diagnosis is benign teratoma (849 - 95,2%). This is the most common both in female (788 – 97,6%) and in male (61 – 71,76%) groups and occurs predominantly in the ovarian localization (719 – 84,7%). Malignant teratoma occurs more often in male (24 – 75%) than female group and localized most common in testis (18 – 56,2%).
The average diameter of tumor is 68,45mm (min – 5mm, max – 150mm). Great majority of tumors containes tallow (699 – 78,4%) and hair (680 – 76,2%), but there also occurres blood clots (38 – 4,3%), osseous tissue (25 – 2,8%) and calcifications (25 – 2,8%). Among concominant lesions of ovarian teratoma the most common are ovarian-localized changes (146 – 66,7%), most of them with the same ovary where the tumor was localized. We noticed that teratoma was directed cause of death only in 4 cases (0,45%). Only in 363 protocols (40,7%) clinical diagnosis was the same as anatomopathological, in 458 reports (51,35%), it was different.

Conclusion:
1) The most common is teratoma of right ovary.
2) In male at pregenerative age teratoma occurs in different localization than in the group at the procreative age
(in female localization is similar at both groups).
3) Teratoma is incidently cause
of death.
4) Teratoma is correctly diagnosed in less than 50% of cases.

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